The Indian Law Resource Center has called on the UN Permanent forum on Indigenous Issues to ensure that the World Bank implements the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
At the 11th Session of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, which is taking place this week in New York, Leonardo Crippa, a Senior Attorney with the Indian Law Resource Center made a statement pointing out that, “There is a need of stronger safeguard measures to protect indigenous peoples’ lands, natural resources and self-determined governing institutions, among other issues.” The statement was supported by the Mexico and Central and South America Indigenous Caucus as well as the Asia Indigenous Peoples Caucus.
Currently, the World Bank’s safeguard policy on indigenous peoples is weaker than the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. For example, the Bank’s policy requires free, informed consultation, but not free, prior and informed consent. When REDD-Monitor asked the World Bank in Indonesia about this in February 2012, the Bank replied as follows:
“The Cancun negotiators chose to take note of the Declaration, but not to include “free prior and informed consent,” which does not yet have a universally accepted definition. The World Bank has also taken note of the Declaration and we find that our policy is substantially equivalent with respect to the consultation standard.”
The Bank’s claim that there is no universally accepted definition of FPIC is surprising, given the large amount of work that has been carried out on FPIC. And taking note of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is clearly not the same as implementing the Declaration.
The World Bank is currently carrying out a review of its social and environmental safeguards policies. For details of this process, see Bank Information Center’s website. The UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Peoples is the UN body in charge of implementing the UN Declaration within UN agencies, including the World Bank.
The Indian Law Resource Center wrote to the World Bank about strengthening the Bank’s policy on indigenous peoples in July 2011 and received a reply from Joachim von Amsberg, Vice President and Head of Network, Operations Policy and Country Services in August 2011. The letters are posted below the Indian Law Resource Center’s statement to the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues:
Statement of the Indian Law Resource Center
Eleventh Session of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (May 15th, 2012)
Supported by the Latin American and Global Indigenous Caucus
The World Bank’s safeguards policy review: Updating its Indigenous Peoples Policy in light of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Seeking Inputs in a Half-Day Discussion
Agenda Items:
4. Human Rights-Implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
5. Draft Agenda for the Twelfth Session of the Permanent ForumSpeaker person: Leonardo Crippa, Senior Attorney, Indian Law Resource Center
Thank you Madam Chairperson
Distinguished Brothers, Sisters and Permanent Forum Members,
Today’s discussion on the “Implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples”, is critical for the overall well being of indigenous peoples around the world. However, the Center believes that particular attention should be given to how the World Bank (Bank), as a UN specialized agency, is contributing to the fulfillment of the rights protected by the UN Declaration. Clearly, Articles 41 and 42 of the UN Declaration call upon all UN specialized agencies and the Permanent Forum to not only promote respect for the rights recognized in the UN Declaration, but also to ensure effective participation of indigenous peoples in these policy developments given that they may affect them.
We cannot ignore the human rights impacts of the Bank’s practices. The Bank and its Member Countries must implement the UN Declaration. Development policies and projects conceived from a western point of view and promoted collectively by countries under the clothing of the Bank, continue to have devastating human rights impacts on indigenous peoples in the developing world. The Bank’s OP/BP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples policy must be updated in light of the UN Declaration. There is a need of stronger safeguard measures to protect indigenous peoples’ lands, natural resources and self-determined governing institutions, among other issues. The World Bank should promote development which improves the ability of indigenous peoples to fully realize their rights. At a minimum, forced relocation of indigenous peoples from their traditional lands, taking of Indian lands and natural resources, and harms to indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and cultures must be prevented.
Distinguished Brothers, Sisters and Permanent Forum Members,
This is the right time to make decisions and commit to address this issue. This year, the Bank is initiating a two to three years review process of its social and environmental safeguards policies, including the Indigenous Peoples Policy. By the next session, the Permanent Forum should start a timely discussion on this critical issue, so that indigenous peoples around the world can inform the Permanent Forum’s approach and actions to take within the Bank’s safeguards policy review.
A half-day discussion on the role of the Bank is needed. As acknowledged by the Secretariat in its February 2012 Report on Implementation of the recommendations of the Permanent Forum, “[s]pecial themes and special half-day discussions play a key role in highlighting particular issues or regions, creating an impetus for the implementation of relevant recommendations.” The review of the Bank’s safeguard policies is a critical
issue that deserves special attention.The Permanent Forum has successfully engaged with similar policy developments in the past. For example, the Permanent Forum made recommendations to the International Finance Corporation (IFC) during its 2011 policy review, securing critical improvements in its Performance Standard 7: Indigenous Peoples.
Distinguished Brothers, Sisters and Permanent Forum Members,
The Center encourages the Permanent Forum to take actions regarding the Bank’s safeguards policy review by carrying out the following activities:
- Commit to have a half-day related discussion within the next session of the Permanent Forum, in order to seek the views of indigenous peoples from all regions regarding the Bank’s OP/BP Indigenous Peoples Policy, among other relevant policies;
- Request the Bank to inform the Permanent Forum regarding the status of implementation of the rights recognized in the UN Declaration within Bank policies and activities, and the future measures that will be taken to fulfill those rights as well as to secure the effective participation of indigenous peoples within the review of its safeguards policies;
- Ensure that the Bank require human rights impact assessments to be performed by borrower countries, in order to assess the human rights risks and impacts that a supported-project may entail affecting the rights of indigenous peoples; and
- Work with other special mechanisms, including the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to take a more active role within the Bank’s safeguards policy review, and policy development related to indigenous peoples.
The Permanent Forum has a critical role to play in ensuring that the World Bank meet its obligations to implement the rights of the UN Declaration, and the upcoming safeguard review presents a unique opportunity to do that. Indigenous peoples, and especially those directly impacted by the World Bank’s activities, must have the opportunity to provide the Permanent Forum members and its Secretariat with relevant input and material on this issue. For this purpose, at least, we will need to have a have a half-day discussion during the 12th Session.
Thank you, and I hope to see you again next year to discuss this critical issue. We are happy to provide you with relevant information.
Attachments:
• Letter from the Permanent Forum, Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to World Bank President regarding the IFC policy review (2010)
• Center letter to Bank on the safeguards policy review (2011)
• Indigenous Peoples’ letter to Permanent Forum regarding a half-day discussion about the Bank safeguards policy (2012)
It’s about time that the Bank matches its rhetorical, glossy publications and flapping jaws with actions that will make a positive, measurable difference that will improves the well being of IPs.
First, no grants or loans to countries that violate the UN Declaration on the Rights of IPs.